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202 lines
8.7 KiB
Markdown
202 lines
8.7 KiB
Markdown
# TelegramBotAPI
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[ ](https://bintray.com/insanusmokrassar/StandardRepository/TelegramBotAPI/_latestVersion)
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[](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/com.github.insanusmokrassar/TelegramBotAPI)
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## What is it?
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Library for Object-Oriented and type-safe work with Telegram Bot API. Most part of some specific solves or unuseful
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moments are describing by official [Telegram Bot API](https://core.telegram.org/bots/api).
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## Compatibility
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This version compatible with [30th of March 2020 update of TelegramBotAPI (version 4.7)](https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#march-30-2020).
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There is only one exception of implemented functionality - Telegram Passport API, which was presented in
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[August 2018 update of TelegramBotAPI](https://core.telegram.org/bots/api-changelog#august-27-2018) update. It will be implemented
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as soon as possible.
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## How to implement library?
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Common ways to implement this library are presented here. In some cases it will require additional steps
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like inserting of additional libraries (like `kotlin stdlib`). In the examples will be used variable
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`telegrambotapi.version`, which must be set up by developer. Available versions are presented on
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[bintray](https://bintray.com/insanusmokrassar/StandardRepository/TelegramBotAPI), next version is last published:
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[ ](https://bintray.com/insanusmokrassar/StandardRepository/TelegramBotAPI/_latestVersion)
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Currently, last versions of library can be available from the Maven repository with errors (for the reason difficult in publishing
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of signed artifacts in Bintray). You can:
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* Use earlier version (available version you can find
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[here](https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.github.insanusmokrassar/TelegramBotAPI))
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* Add `jCenter` repository in build config
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### Maven
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Dependency config presented here:
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```xml
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<dependency>
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<groupId>com.github.insanusmokrassar</groupId>
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<artifactId>TelegramBotAPI</artifactId>
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<version>${telegrambotapi.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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```
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### Gradle
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To use last versions you will need to add one line in repositories block of your `build.gradle`:
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`jcenter()` or `mavenCentral()`
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And add next line to your dependencies block:
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```groovy
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implementation "com.github.insanusmokrassar:TelegramBotAPI:$telegrambotapi_version"
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```
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or for old gradle:
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```groovy
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compile "com.github.insanusmokrassar:TelegramBotAPI:$telegrambotapi_version"
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```
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## How to work with library?
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For now, this library have no some API god-object. Instead of this, this library has several
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important objects:
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* [RequestsExecutor](https://github.com/InsanusMokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/blob/master/TelegramBotAPI/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/github/insanusmokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/bot/RequestsExecutor.kt)
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* [Requests](https://github.com/InsanusMokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/blob/master/TelegramBotAPI/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/github/insanusmokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/requests)
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* [Types](https://github.com/InsanusMokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/blob/master/TelegramBotAPI/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/github/insanusmokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/types)
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### Types
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Types declare different objects representation. For example, `Chat` for now represented as
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interface and has several realisations:
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* `PrivateChat`
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* `GroupChat`
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* `SupergroupChat`
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* `ChannelChat`
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Instead of common garbage with all information as in original [Chat](https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#chat),
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here it was separated for more obvious difference between chats types and their possible content.
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The same principle work with a lot of others things in this Telegram bot API.
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### Requests
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Requests usually are very simple objects, but some of them are using their own
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build factories. For example, the next code show, how to get information about bot:
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```kotlin
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val requestsExecutor: RequestsExecutor = ...
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requestsExecutor.execute(GetMe())
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```
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Also there is an alternative syntax for requests (like `requestsExecutor.getMe()` in project
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[TelegramBotAPI-extensions-api](../TelegramBotAPI-extensions-api/README.md))
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The result type of [GetMe (and getMe extension)](https://github.com/InsanusMokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/blob/master/TelegramBotAPI/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/github/insanusmokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/requests/GetMe.kt)
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request is
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[ExtendedBot](https://github.com/InsanusMokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/blob/master/TelegramBotAPI/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/github/insanusmokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/types/User.kt).
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### RequestsExecutor
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It is base object which can be used to execute requests in API. For now by default included Ktor
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realisation of `RequestsExecutor`, but it is possible, that in future it will be extracted in separated
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project. How to create `RequestsExecutor`:
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```kotlin
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val requestsExecutor = KtorRequestsExecutor(
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TelegramAPIUrlsKeeper(TOKEN)
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)
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```
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Here:
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* `KtorRequestsExecutor` - default realisation with [ktor](https://ktor.io)
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* `TelegramAPIUrlsKeeper` - special keeper, which you can save and use for getting files full urls (`resolveFileURL`
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extension inside of `PathedFile.kt`)
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* `TOKEN` is just a token of bot which was retrieved according to
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[instruction](https://core.telegram.org/bots#3-how-do-i-create-a-bot).
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By default, for JVM there is implemented `CIO` client engine, but there is not server engine. Both can be changed like
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here:
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```groovy
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dependencies {
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// ...
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implementation "io.ktor:ktor-server-cio:$ktor_version" // for implementing of server engine
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implementation "io.ktor:ktor-client-okhttp:$ktor_version" // for implementing of additional client engine
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// ...
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}
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```
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You can avoid using of `server` dependency in case if you will not use `Webhook`s. In this case,
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dependencies list will be simplify:
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```groovy
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dependencies {
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// ...
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implementation "io.ktor:ktor-client-okhttp:$ktor_version" // for implementing of additional client engine
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// ...
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}
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```
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Here was used `okhttp` realisation of client, but there are several others engines for Ktor. More information
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available on ktor.io site for [client](https://ktor.io/clients/http-client/engines.html) and [server](https://ktor.io/quickstart/artifacts.html)
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engines.
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## Getting updates
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In this library currently realised two ways to get updates from telegram:
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* Polling - in this case bot will request updates from time to time (you can set up delay between requests)
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* Webhook via reverse proxy or something like this
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### Updates filters
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Currently webhook method contains `UpdatesFilter` as necessary argument for getting updates.
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`UpdatesFilter` will sort updates and throw their into different callbacks. Currently supporting
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separate getting updates for media groups - they are accumulating with debounce in one second
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(for being sure that all objects of media group was received).
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Updates polling also support `UpdatesFilter` but it is not required to use it and you can get updates directly
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in `UpdateReceiver`, which you will provide to `startGettingOfUpdates` method
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### Webhook set up
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If you wish to use webhook method, you will need:
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* White IP - your IP address or host, which available for calling. [TelegramBotAPI](https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#setwebhook)
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recommend to use some unique address for each bot which you are using
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* SSL certificate. Usually you can obtain the certificate using your domain provider, [Let'sEncrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/) or [create it](https://core.telegram.org/bots/self-signed)
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* Nginx or something like this
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Template for Nginx server config you can find in [this gist](https://gist.github.com/InsanusMokrassar/fcc6e09cebd07e46e8f0fdec234750c4#file-nginxssl-conf).
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For webhook you can provide `File` with public part of certificate, `URL` where bot will be available and inner `PORT` which
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will be used to start receiving of updates. Actually, you can skip passing of `File` when you have something like
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nginx for proxy forwarding.
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In case of using `nginx` with reverse-proxy config, setting up of Webhook will look like:
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```kotlin
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requestsExecutor.setWebhook(
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WEBHOOK_URL,
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INTERNAL_PORT,
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filter,
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ENGINE_FACTORY
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)
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```
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Here:
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* `WEBHOOK_URL` - the url which will be used by Telegram system to send updates
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* `INTERNAL_PORT` - the port which will be used in bot for listening of updates
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* `filter` - instance of [UpdatesFilter](https://github.com/InsanusMokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/blob/master/TelegramBotAPI/src/commonMain/kotlin/com/github/insanusmokrassar/TelegramBotAPI/updateshandlers/UpdatesFilter.kt),
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which will be used to filter incoming updates
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* `ENGINE_FACTORY` - used factory name, for example, `CIO` in case of usage `io.ktor:ktor-server-cio` as server engine
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